WHOIS + DNS

query and response protocol that fetches information about registered internet resources
historic whois records: https://whoisfreaks.com/signup.html
whois inlanefreight.com
Bulletproof servers - “don't ask, don't tell” philosophy
Bulletproof hosting services are often found in countries with more relaxed laws about what type content is hosted on these servers, and also have less strict extradition laws

DNS

host files are used for IP and domain mapping
This is a local file that can override the internet dns mapping
The hosts file is located in:
- C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts on Windows
- /etc/hosts on Linux and MacOS.
Block unwanted sites by mapping them to incorrect IPs.
IN stands for Internet.
CNAME can point to outdated servers
NS can give hosting provider info
A records can point to load balancers
TXT records can have sensitive information
Monitoring changes where a new subdomain might be added.